Books and Scholars’ Accoutrements

Paintings depicting books and scholars’ accoutrements, known as munbangdo in Korean, are still-lifes featuring objects used in a scholar’s study, such as books, inkstones, ceramics, and incense burners. Munbangdo gained popularity in the mid-eighteenth century as part of a trend among scholars to collect stationery and antiques. Over time, this tradition extended beyond the scholarly elite to the middle class and commoners. Each panel is bordered with rounded corners. Various objects that once adorned a scholar’s study—such as books wrapped in bookcases, vases, bronzeware, an alarm clock, a pocket watch, and an inkstone—are meticulously depicted from a single viewpoint. Munbangdo typically feature auspicious motifs symbolizing great fortune. However, in this screen, an unusual element appears in the upper part of the second panel: a single-panel screen on a wooden stand. Another distinctive feature of this screen is the painter’s discreet incorporation of his seal into the composition. In the first panel, a seal inscribed with Yi Hyeongrok’s seal is depicted, while in the lower part of the fifth panel, a seal bearing his courtesy name, Yeotong, appears within a seal case. Yi Hyeongrok was a nineteenth-century court painter renowned for his chaekgado, bookshelf paintings. This work exemplifies his distinctive style as a court painter through its rich colors, skillful modulation of tonal intensity to enhance a sense of depth, and the orderly arrangement of objects.